Docker-Compose on Quietbo

[docker-compose] 環境設置

Thu, 03 Feb 2022 13:08:42 +0000

主要docker-compose.yml檔案不要直接暴露redis的密碼。

使用.env設置密碼範例

下方為目錄結構:

以下為docker-compose.yml檔內容

version: "3.8"

services:
 flask:
 build:
 context: ./flask
 dockerfile: Dockerfile
 image: flask-demo:latest
 environment:
 - REDIS_HOST=redis-server
 - REDIS_PASS=${REDIS_PASS}
 networks:
 - backend
 - frontend

 redis-server:
 image: redis:latest
 command: redis-server --requirepass ${REDIS_PASS}
 networks:
 - backend

 nginx:
 image: nginx:stable-alpine
 ports:
 - 8000:80
 depends_on:
 - flask
 volumes:
 - ./nginx/nginx.conf:/etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf:ro
 - ./var/log/nginx:/var/log/nginx
 networks:
 - frontend

networks:
 backend:
 frontend:

.env檔

REDIS_PASS=ABC123

.gitignore檔(用於不要上傳到git上)

.env

查看目前設置內容:

docker-compose config

指定路徑的方式

若不使用.env檔，想使用其他路徑下的檔案，改成myenv的檔名，下指令

docker-compose --env-file myenv config
docker-compose --env-file myenv up -d

則可正常執行。

[docker-compose] 服務的更新

Tue, 01 Feb 2022 18:11:04 +0000

服務更新

下方為目錄結構:

$ tree 
.
├── docker-compose.yml
└── my_flask
 ├── app.py
 └── dockerfile

app.py檔如下

from flask import Flask
from redis import Redis
import os
import socket

app = Flask(__name__)
redis = Redis(host=os.environ.get('REDIS_HOST', '127.0.0.1'), port=6379)


@app.route('/')
def hello():
 redis.incr('hits')
 return f"Hello Container World! I have been seen {redis.get('hits').decode('utf-8')} times and my hostname is {socket.gethostname()}.\n"

dockerfile如下:

FROM python:3.9.5-slim

RUN pip install flask redis && \
 groupadd -r flask && useradd -r -g flask flask && \
 mkdir /src && \
 chown -R flask:flask /src

USER flask

COPY app.py /src/app.py

WORKDIR /src

ENV FLASK_APP=app.py REDIS_HOST=redis

EXPOSE 5000

CMD ["flask", "run", "-h", "0.0.0.0"]

docker-compose.yml檔內容如下:

version: "3.8"

services:
 flask-demo:
 build: ./my_flask
 image: flask_demo:latest
 environment:
 - REDIS_HOST=redis-server
 networks:
 - demo-network
 ports:
 - 8899:5000

 redis-server:
 container_name: redis-demo
 image: redis:latest
 networks:
 - demo-network

networks:
 demo-network: null

在該目錄下執行:

docker-compose up -d

會創建2個容器，一個是flask-demo，一個是redis，開起瀏覽器輸入127.0.0.1:8899，會看到下方字串(隨著開啟次數會累加):

Hello Container World! I have been seen 1 times and my hostname is b895a0c7b962.

若有更新app.py內的code，重新build一次flask，下方為演示的訊息:

$ docker-compose up -d --build
Building flask-demo
[+] Building 5.9s (10/10) FINISHED 
 => [internal] load build definition from Dockerfile 0.0s
 => => transferring dockerfile: 37B 0.0s
 => [internal] load .dockerignore 0.0s
 => => transferring context: 2B 0.0s
 => [internal] load metadata for docker.io/library/python:3.9.5-slim 5.8s
 => [auth] library/python:pull token for registry-1.docker.io 0.0s
 => [internal] load build context 0.0s
 => => transferring context: 395B 0.0s
 => [1/4] FROM docker.io/library/python:3.9.5-slim@sha256:9828573e6a0b02b6d0ff0bae0716b027aa21cf8e59ac18a76724d216bab7ef04 0.0s
 => CACHED [2/4] RUN pip install flask redis && groupadd -r flask && useradd -r -g flask flask && mkdir /src && chown -R 0.0s
 => [3/4] COPY app.py /src/app.py 0.0s
 => [4/4] WORKDIR /src 0.0s
 => exporting to image 0.0s
 => => exporting layers 0.0s
 => => writing image sha256:cc1bafcde9c602150db215976497c20a13db386bdbfeecf41d84e36ed77286e9 0.0s
 => => naming to docker.io/library/flask_demo:latest 0.0s

Use 'docker scan' to run Snyk tests against images to find vulnerabilities and learn how to fix them
redis-demo is up-to-date
Recreating mydocker_flask-demo_1 ... done

查看容器狀況，會發現原本的redis沒有被重構，只有因修改了app.py後重建的flask-demo，畫面如下:

刪除服務

將原本的docker-compose.yml檔新增一個busbox:

version: "3.8"

services:
 flask-demo:
 build: ./my_flask
 image: flask_demo:latest
 environment:
 - REDIS_HOST=redis-server
 networks:
 - demo-network
 ports:
 - 8899:5000

 redis-server:
 container_name: redis-demo
 image: redis:latest
 networks:
 - demo-network

 busybox:
 image: busybox:latest
 command: sh -c "while true; do sleep 3600; done"
 networks:
 - demo-network

networks:
 demo-network: null

在剛才已有兩個容器的狀況下，再下一次指令:

docker-compose up -d

在已經建立3個容器的狀況下，將yml檔的busbox註解掉，再重新下一次指令，會出現一段WARNING的訊息:

WARNING: Found orphan containers (mydocker_busybox_1) for this project. If you removed or renamed this service in your compose file, you can run this command with the --remove-orphans flag to clean it up.

使用剛才建議的指令，來刪除不需要的service

docker-compose up -d --remove-orphans

三個更新文件指令:

docker-compose build # 只build dockerfile 的image
docker-compose up -d --remove-orphans # 刪除不需要使用的service
docker-compose restart # 重啟

[docker-compose] image build與pull(build非dockerfile名稱)

Tue, 01 Feb 2022 13:52:15 +0000

Table of Contents

<span class="ez-toc-title-toggle"><a href="#" class="ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle" aria-label="顯示/隱藏內容目錄"><span class="ez-toc-js-icon-con"><span class=""><span class="eztoc-hide" style="display:none;">Toggle</span><span class="ez-toc-icon-toggle-span"><svg style="fill: #999;color:#999" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="list-377408" width="20px" height="20px" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path d="M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z" fill="currentColor"></path></svg><svg style="fill: #999;color:#999" class="arrow-unsorted-368013" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="10px" height="10px" viewBox="0 0 24 24" version="1.2" baseProfile="tiny"><path d="M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z"/></svg></span></span></span></a></span>

目錄結構
docker-compose image build/pull的指令差異
- docker-compose build
- docker-compose pull

<li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'>
 <a class="ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5" href="https://quietbo.com/2022/02/01/docker-compose-image-build%e8%88%87pullbuild%e9%9d%9edockerfile%e5%90%8d%e7%a8%b1/#%E9%83%A8%E5%88%86%E5%9F%BA%E7%A4%8E%E7%9A%84%E5%91%BD%E4%BB%A4%E8%A1%8C%E5%9F%BA%E6%9C%AC%E4%BD%BF%E7%94%A8" >部分基礎的命令行基本使用</a>
</li>

目錄結構

當要build的image名稱不是dockerfile時，是其他名稱，且在不同路徑下，例如：

.
├── docker-compose.yml
└── my_flask
 ├── app.py
 └── dockerfile.data

build: 要build的指令：
- context: 檔案路徑
- dockerfile: 檔案名稱

app.py檔如下

from flask import Flask
from redis import Redis
import os
import socket

app = Flask(__name__)
redis = Redis(host=os.environ.get('REDIS_HOST', '127.0.0.1'), port=6379)


@app.route('/')
def hello():
 redis.incr('hits')
 return f"Hello Container World! I have been seen {redis.get('hits').decode('utf-8')} times and my hostname is {socket.gethostname()}.\n"

dockerfile如下:

FROM python:3.9.5-slim

RUN pip install flask redis && \
 groupadd -r flask && useradd -r -g flask flask && \
 mkdir /src && \
 chown -R flask:flask /src

USER flask

COPY app.py /src/app.py

WORKDIR /src

ENV FLASK_APP=app.py REDIS_HOST=redis

EXPOSE 5000

CMD ["flask", "run", "-h", "0.0.0.0"]

docker_compose.yml檔如下:

version: "3.8"

services:
 flask-demo:
 build:
 context: ./my_flask
 dockerfile: Dockerfile.data
 image: flask_demo:latest
 environment:
 - REDIS_HOST=redis-server
 networks:
 - demo-network
 ports:
 - 8899:5000

 redis-server:
 container_name: redis-demo
 image: redis:latest
 networks:
 - demo-network

networks:
 demo-network: null

成功畫面:

docker-compose image build/pull的指令差異

當docker-compose.yml檔內同時有要從dockerfile build的image與從dockerhub pull下來時，這兩種會不同結果

docker-compose build

下方是利用docker_compose.yml檔執行的結果，只有build dockerfile，沒有redis image：

docker-compose pull

下方是從dockerhub pull redis，因為dockerfile的關係所以馬上就是done，而pull則需等待下載:

可以看到，下方使用pull，只有一個redis的image

部分基礎的命令行基本使用

-d: 背景執行

docker-compose up -d

若想查看log可使用下方兩個指令

-f :持續動態的查看

docker-compose logs
docker-compose logs -f

查看容器目前狀況:

$ docker-compose ps
 Name Command State Ports 
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
my_flask_flask-demo_1 flask run -h 0.0.0.0 Up 0.0.0.0:8899->5000/tcp
my_flask_redis-server_1 docker-entrypoint.sh redis ... Up 6379/tcp

注意:使用docker-compose ps時，要在yml檔的目錄底下才能使用，否則無法查詢

將容器停止:

docker-compose stop

將已經停止的容器刪除:

$ docker-compose rm 
Going to remove my_flask_flask-demo_1, my_flask_redis-server_1
Are you sure? [yN] y
Removing my_flask_flask-demo_1 ... done
Removing my_flask_redis-server_1 ... done

[Docker-compose] Python Flask+Redis(練習2)

Mon, 31 Jan 2022 12:28:54 +0000

yml的基本語法結構:

services: # 容器
 servicename: # 服務名字，這個名字也是內部 bridge網絡可以使用的 DNS name
 image: # 鏡像的名字
 command: # 可選，如果設置，則會覆蓋默認鏡像裡的 CMD命令
 environment: # 可選，相當於 docker run裡的 --env
 volumes: # 可選，相當於docker run裡的 -v
 networks: # 可選，相當於 docker run裡的 --network
 ports: # 可選，相當於 docker run裡的 -p
 servicename2:

volumes: # 可選，相當於 docker volume create

networks: # 可選，相當於 docker network create

services
對照:Compose and Docker compatibility
servicename
與前一篇在docker時下指令的–name flask-demo 一致

練習

以Python Flask+Redis(練習)：為例子，改造成一個docker-compose文件

app.py檔案內容如下:

from flask import Flask

app = Flask(__name__)


@app.route('/')
def hello_world():
 return 'hello'


if __name__ == "__main__":
 app.run(debug=True, host='0.0.0.0', port=5000)

dockerfile如下：

FROM python:3.9.5-slim

RUN pip install flask redis && \
 groupadd -r flask && useradd -r -g flask flask && \
 mkdir /src && \
 chown -R flask:flask /src

USER flask

COPY app.py /src/app.py

WORKDIR /src

ENV FLASK_APP=app.py REDIS_HOST=redis

EXPOSE 5000

CMD ["flask", "run", "-h", "0.0.0.0"]

docker-compose.yml內容如下:

version: "3.8"

services:
 flask-demo:
 image: flask-demo:latest
 environment:
 - REDIS_HOST=redis-server
 networks:
 - demo-network
 ports:
 - 8899:5000

 redis-server:
 image: redis:latest
 networks:
 - demo-network

networks:
 demo-network: null

資料結構

.
├── app.py
├── docker-compose.yml
└── dockerfile

建立2個image

下載redis image

docker image pull redis

建立flask-demo的image

docker image build -t flask-demo .

運行docker-compose

$ docker-compose up 
Creating network "my_flask_demo-network" with the default driver
Creating my_flask_redis-server_1 ... done
Creating my_flask_flask-demo_1 ... done
Attaching to my_flask_redis-server_1, my_flask_flask-demo_1
redis-server_1 | 1:C 31 Jan 2022 12:26:05.447 # oO0OoO0OoO0Oo Redis is starting oO0OoO0OoO0Oo
redis-server_1 | 1:C 31 Jan 2022 12:26:05.447 # Redis version=6.2.6, bits=64, commit=00000000, modified=0, pid=1, just started
redis-server_1 | 1:C 31 Jan 2022 12:26:05.447 # Warning: no config file specified, using the default config. In order to specify a config file use redis-server /path/to/redis.conf
redis-server_1 | 1:M 31 Jan 2022 12:26:05.447 * monotonic clock: POSIX clock_gettime
redis-server_1 | 1:M 31 Jan 2022 12:26:05.448 * Running mode=standalone, port=6379.
redis-server_1 | 1:M 31 Jan 2022 12:26:05.448 # Server initialized
redis-server_1 | 1:M 31 Jan 2022 12:26:05.449 * Ready to accept connections
flask-demo_1 | * Serving Flask app 'app.py' (lazy loading)
flask-demo_1 | * Environment: production
flask-demo_1 | WARNING: This is a development server. Do not use it in a production deployment.
flask-demo_1 | Use a production WSGI server instead.
flask-demo_1 | * Debug mode: off
flask-demo_1 | * Running on all addresses.
flask-demo_1 | WARNING: This is a development server. Do not use it in a production deployment.
flask-demo_1 | * Running on http://172.25.0.3:5000/ (Press CTRL+C to quit)

打開瀏覽器輸入
127.0.0.1:8899

[Docker-compose] 安裝

Sun, 23 Jan 2022 15:01:47 +0000

Mac在默認安裝了docker desktop以後，docker-compose隨之自動安裝，直接下指令來查詢目前docker-compose的版本:

$ docker-compose --version
docker-compose version 1.29.2, build 5becea4c

Linux用戶需要自行安裝

最新版本號可以在這裡查詢:GitHub

$ sudo curl -L "https://github.com/docker/compose/releases/download/1.29.2/docker-compose-$(uname -s)-$(uname -m)" -o /usr/local/bin/docker-compose
$ sudo chmod +x /usr/local/bin/docker-compose
$ docker-compose --version
docker-compose version 1.29.2, build 5becea4c

使用python的用戶，可以使用pip去安裝docker-Compose

pip install docker-compose